Damage Types

Elemental and Energy Damage Types
Fire

Cold

Thunder

Electrical

Acid

Necrotic

Poison

Radiant

Force

Psychic

Magic

Aligned Damage Types
Blessed or Holy

Evil

Law

Chaos

Weapon Damage Types
Slashing

Bludgeoning

Piercing

Weapon Material Types
Wood - penetrates damage resistance/immunity of vampires

Silver - penetrates damage resistance/immunity of lycanthropes

Cold Iron - extra damage against most fey

Adamantine - penetrates damage resistance/immunity  of stone skin spell and creature with invulnerability due to exceptional hardness